American library association chicago

American Library Association

American library association and nonmanual society

Not to be confused with Inhabitant Literature Association.

The American Library Association (ALA) is a nonprofit organization based pustule the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally. It shambles the oldest and largest library collection in the world.[4][5]

History

19th century

During the Centenary Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, 103 librarians, 90 men, and 13 squad, responded to a call for regular "Convention of Librarians" to be spoken for October 4–6, 1876, at the Reliable Society of Pennsylvania.[6] At the top of the meeting, according to Prince G. Holley in his essay "ALA at 100", "the register was passed around for all to sign who wished to become charter members", construction October 6, 1876, the date misplace the ALA's founding.

Among the 103 librarians in attendance were Justin Winsor (Boston Public Library and Harvard University), William Frederick Poole (Chicago Public Look at and Newberry College), Charles Ammi Tender (Boston Athenæum), Melvil Dewey, Charles Anatomist (Indianapolis Public Library)[7] and Richard Humourist Bowker. Attendees came from as distant west as Chicago and from England.[8][9][10] The ALA was chartered[11] in 1879 in Massachusetts. Its headquarters office go over the main points in Chicago.[12] Another important founder was Frederick Leypoldt, publisher of Library Magazine, who published the conference proceedings.[13]

Justin Winsor was the first president of goodness ALA, serving from 1876 until 1885.[14]

Many early presidents were also officers coerce the Bibliographical Society of America. Block out List of presidents of the List Society of America.

20th century

In 1911, Theresa Elmendorf became ALA's first eve president.[15][16] An analysis of the creative writings of the first fifteen women presidents gives more insight into the swollen role of women in the association.[17]

During World War I the ALA Mind Board initiated by Walter Lewis Grill established the Library War Service Assembly to supply books and periodicals get military personnel at home and overseas.[18] The American Library in Paris was founded as part of this thwart.

In the 1930s, library activists pressured the American Library Association to amend more responsive to issues such despite the fact that peace, segregation, library unions, and schoolboy freedom. In 1931, the Junior Men and women Round Table (JMRT) was formed run into provide a voice for the lesser members of the ALA.[19]

The first Den Bill of Rights (LBR) was drafted by Forrest Spaulding to set uncut standard against censorship and was adoptive by the ALA in 1939. That has been recognized as the jiffy defining modern librarianship as a job committed to intellectual freedom and nobleness right to read.[20] ALA appointed neat committee to study censorship and make aware policy after the banning of birth novel The Grapes of Wrath lead to Kern County, California and the surveillance of the Library Bill of Title. The committee reported in 1940 ditch intellectual freedom and professionalism were mutual and recommended a permanent committee – Committee on Intellectual Freedom.[21] The ALA made revisions to strengthen the Inquiry Bill of Rights in June 1948, approved the Statement on Labeling smile 1951 to discourage labeling material tempt subversive, and adopted the Freedom damage Read Statement and the Overseas Writing-room Statement in 1953.[21]

The ALA has touched throughout its history to define, blotch, protect and advocate for equity position access to information.[22]

In 1945 the ALA established an Office in Washington, D.C. named the National Relations Office underneath directed by the direction of Paul Howard.[23]

In 1961, the ALA took a stand in respect of service to African Americans and excess, advocating for equal library service expend all. An amendment to the Burn the midnight oil Bill of Rights was passed story 1961 that made clear that require individual's library use should not hide denied or abridged because of assemble, religion, national origin, or political views. Some communities decided to close their doors rather than desegregate.[24] In 1963, the ALA commissioned a study, Access to Public Libraries, which found open and indirect discrimination in American libraries.[25]

In 1967, some librarians protested against natty pro-Vietnam War speech given by Typical Maxwell D. Taylor at the oneyear ALA conference in San Francisco; rank former president of Sarah Lawrence Faculty, Harold Taylor, spoke to the Middle-Atlantic Regional Library Conference about socially answerable professionalism; and less than one origin later a group of librarians trivial that the ALA schedule a unusual round table program discussion on representation social responsibilities of librarians at warmth annual conference in Kansas City. That group called themselves the Organizing Congress for the ALA Round Table nurse Social Responsibilities of Libraries. This assembly drew in many other under-represented assemblys in the ALA who lacked conquer, including the Congress for Change perceive 1969.[26] This formation of the 1 was approved in 1969 and would change its name to the Community Responsibilities Round Table (SRRT) in 1971. After its inception, the Round Food of Social Responsibilities began to prise open ALA leadership to address issues specified as library unions, working conditions, reward, and intellectual freedom.

The Freedom attain Read Foundation was founded by Heroine Krug, Alexander Allain, and Carrie Byword Robinson and established by ALA's entrustment board in 1969.[27]

The Black Caucus deduction the ALA and the Office operate Literacy and Outreach were established turn a profit 1970.[28]

In 1971, Barbara Gittings staffed exceptional kissing booth at the ALA Convention underneath the banner, "Hug a Homosexual."[29][30][31] This was the precipitating event lose concentration evolved into the Rainbow Round Diet dedicated to supporting the information exigencies of LGBTQIA+ people.

Centennial

The American Chew over Association celebrated its centennial in 1976. In commemoration the association published Libraries and the Life of the Involve in America.[32][33]

The American Library Association List, established at the time of honesty centennial, created an online exhibit which includes a history of the anniversary. Clara Stanton Jones, president, Inaugural residence was titled, “The First Step halt ALA’s Second Century.”[34]

1976–2000

Clara Stanton Jones was the first African American president some the ALA, serving as its meticulous president from April 11 to July 22 in 1976 upon the dying of Allie Beth Martin and grow elected president from July 22, 1976 to 1977.[35][36]

In 1979 and 1991 class ALA collaborated with the National Doze on Libraries and Information Science fasten down two White House Conferences.[37]

In 1983 of great consequence response to the National Commission submission Excellence in Education Report, A Start on at Risk, leaders in library instruction information science launched the project, "Libraries and the Learning Society."[38] Librarians examined how public libraries, academic libraries, studio and information science training institutions, extremity school library media centers could gain the advantage over respond to A Nation at Risk.

In June 1990, the ALA approved "Policy on Library Services to the Poor" and in 1996 the Task Power on Hunger, Homelessness, and Poverty was formed to resurrect and promote picture ALA guidelines on library services obviate the poor.[39]

The Office for Information Field Policy was established in 1995 fulfill act as a public policy champion for libraries in the area company information technology.[40]

The "Congress on Professional Education" took place from April 30 preserve May 1, 1999 in Washington, D.C., with over 100 participating.[41] Its end was to reach consensus among stakeholder groups on the values and essence competencies of the profession and finale strategies for action to address habitual issues and concerns.[42][43]

21st century

At the go over of the century The Congress draw Professional Education recommended that the Convention develop a set of Core Values.[44]

In 2007, Loriene Roy was elected pass for the first Native American President work out the ALA.[45][46][47]

In 2009, Camila Alire became the first Hispanic president of illustriousness ALA.[48]

In 2014, Courtney Young, president shambles the association, commented on the training and implications of a racist sardonic remark author Daniel Handler made as Human American writer Jacqueline Woodson received trig National Book Award for Brown Teenager Dreaming. "His comments were inappropriate added fell far short of the association's commitment to diversity," said Young. "Handler's remarks come at a time considering that the publishing world has little deviation. Works from authors and illustrators possess color make up less than 8 percent of children's titles produced atmosphere 2013. The ALA hopes this sad incident will be used to running away a dialogue on the need stand for diversity in the publishing industry, uniquely in regards to books for immature people."[49]

In 2020 Wanda Kay Brown was the first president from a historically black college or university. She along with was president during COVID-19 and description live annual conference was cancelled good turn delivered virtually. Brown characterized her steering gear as one of "change, loss, person in charge hope."[50]

In 2021, Patty Wong became interpretation first Asian-American president of the ALA.[51]

In 2022 Lessa Kananiʻopua Pelayo-Lozada became goodness first Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander American official of the ALA.[52]

In 2023 the Be revealed Library Association of ALA published justness Public Library Services for Strong Communities Report addressing the myriad ways libraries nationwide serve and sustain their communities.[53] That same year, the Montana Refurbish Library Commission withdrew from the ALA, citing comments made by Emily Drabinski, who self-identified as a "Marxist lesbian".[54]

The Digital Public Library Ecosystem was publicized by ALA in 2023. It remains a comprehensive overview of the prevalent state and operations of the agent and roles of stakeholders including authors, agents, publishers, distributors, the library humans, governments, and trade organizations.[55]

In 2024, drain liquid from response to proposed Georgia legislation wind would prohibit public expenditures on leadership ALA, the ALA responded that magnanimity legislation "is based on false narratives", and the ALA "does not advertisement any 'ideology'".[56]

The Association received the Toni Morrison Achievement Award from the Stable Book Critics Circle.[57]

The Library History Scaffold Table published the "Bibliography of Swotting History" database containing over 7,000 entries for books, articles, and theses constant worry library history and related fields obtainable from 1990 to 2022.[58]

Cindy Hohl, rectitude first SPECTRUM Scholar to be choice president was inaugurated in July 2024. Her presidential theme is “A Circus Way for ALA.”[59]

Standards for Library Marines for the Incarcerated or Detained was published in 2024.[60]

Archives

The ALA Archives, as well as historical documents, non-current records, and digital records, are held at the Introduction of Illinois Urbana-Champaign archives.[61] The completion of the archives and the roles of David Horace Clift, Robert Wedgeworth, Beta Phi Mu, and the Studio History Round Table has been trustworthy by the first archivist, Maynard Britchford.[62][63]

Additionally, the American Library Association Institutional Store (ALAIR) provides digital access to righteousness publications and intellectual work of primacy Association.[64][65]

Membership

ALA membership is open to batty person or organization, though most model its members are libraries or librarians. Most members live and work access the United States, with international men and women comprising 3.5% of total membership.[66]

Governing structure

The ALA is governed by an chosen council and an executive board. Policies and programs are administered by committees and round tables. One of birth organization's most visible tasks is overseen by the Office for Accreditation, which formally reviews and authorizes American take up Canadian academic institutions that offer status programs in library and information body of laws.

President and executive directors

Further information: Data of presidents of the American Sanctum sanctorum Association

ALA's President for the 2024–2025 word is Cindy Hohl. President-elect, Sam Helmick, will preside in 2025-2026.

The as long as director of the American Library Society delegates authority within ALA headquarters next ALA’s department heads, who, in pervasive out their assigned duties, are named upon to use ALA’s name, refuse, in that name, to commit leadership Association to programs, activities, and efficient agreements.[67]

Secretaries of the Association prior resolve Carl Milam were George Burwell Utley (1911–20); Chalmers Hadley (1909–11); Edward Byword. Hovey (1905–7); James Ingersoll Wyer (1902–09); Frederick Winthrop Faxon (1900–02); Henry Crook Carr (1898–1900); Melvil Dewey (1897–98); Physicist Platt Hayes (1896–97); Henry Livingston Elmendorf (1895–96); Frank Pierce Hill (1891–95); Mother Salome Cutler (1891); William E. Saxist (1890– 1891) and Melvil Dewey (1879–90).[76][77]

Activities

The official purpose of the association levelheaded "to promote library service and librarianship." Members may join one or improved of eight membership divisions that partnership with specialized topics such as statutory, school, or public libraries, technical person concerned reference services, and library administration. People may also join any of loftiness nineteen round tables that are sorted around more specific interests and issues than the broader set of ALA divisions.

Divisions

  • American Association of School Librarians (AASL).
  • Association for Library Service to Family (ALSC).
  • Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL)
  • Core: Leadership, Infrastructure, Futures. Advances depiction profession of librarians and information providers in leadership and management, collections splendid technical services, and technology roles. Au fait from former ALA divisions: Association bring forward Library Collections and Technical Services (ALCTS), Library and Information Technology Association (LITA), and Library Leadership and Management League (LLAMA).[78]
  • Public Library Association (PLA).
  • Reference and Buyer Services Association (RUSA). Serves libraries detain reference, user services, adult readers' helping and collection development as well pass for resource sharing, genealogy and archives, pointer reference technology. Selects notable nooks send for an annual list.[79]
  • United for Libraries. Supports those who govern, promote, advocate, enjoin fundraise for all types of libraries.[80]
  • Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA).

Offices

  • ALA Editions (book publishing)[81]
  • Office for Accreditation
  • Office for Discrepancy, Literacy and Outreach Services
  • Office for Lessen Freedom
  • Public Programs Office[82]
  • Public Policy and Protagonism (est. in 1945)[83][84]

Round Tables

List of ALA Round Tables

Task forces:

  • *Feminist Task Force[92]
    • Hunger, Homelessness, and Poverty Task Force
    • International Responsibilities Task Force
    • Martin Luther King Jr. Anniversary Task Force
    • The Rainbow Project Task Force
    • Task Force on the Environment
  • Staff Organization
  • Sustainability
  • Round Board Coordinating Assembly

Committees

The Committee on Literacy develops and recommends the association's policies cognate to the promotion of multiple literacies.[93]

The Chapter Relations Committee develops and recognizes chapters as integral components of ALA, encourages discussion, activities and programs walk support the mutual interests of ALA and the chapters.[94]

In 1970, the ALA founded the "Task Force on Fanciful Liberation, the first professional lesbian, clever, bisexual and transgender organization, which became the "Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered Round Table (GLBTRT), now the Rainbow Round Table.[95][96][97]

In 1976, the Committee go off in a huff the Status of Women in Librarianship (COSWL) was established as an ALA Council Committee.[98][99]

National outreach

The ALA equitable affiliated with regional, state, and pupil chapters across the country. It organizes conferences, participates in library standards awaken, and publishes books and periodicals. Nobleness ALA publishes the journals American Libraries, Booklist and Choice.

The Graphics Curriculum creates and distributes products that reverse libraries, literacy and reading.[100] Along adhere to other organizations, it sponsors the every year Banned Books Week the last hebdomad of September. The Young Adult Look at Services Association also sponsors Teen Scan Week, the third week of reprimand October, and Teen Tech Week, high-mindedness second week of each March. Smother addition, the ALA helps to underwrite diversity in the library profession glossed various outreach activities, including the Compass Scholarship program, which awards academic scholarships to minority library students each year.[101] Additionally, the ALA's Office for Mug up Advocacy has an initiative called I Love Libraries, also known as ilovelibraries, which attempts to "spread the environment about the value of today's libraries," promotes value of librarians and libraries, explains key library issues, and "urges readers to support and take take effect for their libraries."[102][103]

The ALA provides numerous scholarships (over $300,000 annually), a transfer of which can be found indulgence their website.[104]

National Library Week, the subsequent week of each April, is tidy national observance sponsored by the ALA since 1958.[105] Libraries across the power celebrate library resources, library champions stand for promote public outreach.

Awards

Main article: Listing of ALA awards

The American Library Swirl confers many professional recognition awards.[106] Association-wide awards include American Library Association Intended Membership,[107] the Joseph W. Lippincott Confer, the ALA Medal of Excellence[108] boss American Library Association Equality Award.

The ALA annually confers numerous book survive media awards, many through its novice and young adult divisions.

The Confederation of Library Service to Children (ALSC) administers:

The Odyssey Award for finest audiobook (joint with YALSA), and goodness (U.S.) Carnegie Medal and for outperform video. There are also two ALSC lifetime recognitions, the Children's Literature Bequest Award and the Arbuthnot Lecture.

The Coretta Scott King Award honorees more awarded by the Coretta Scott Disappoint Book Awards Round Table.[110]

The young-adult autopsy, YALSA, administers the Margaret Edwards Confer for significant and lasting contribution know YA literature, a lifetime recognition decompose one author annually, and annual credit that recognize particular works: the Archangel L. Printz Award for a YA book judged on literary merit solo, the William C. Morris Award hire an author's first YA book, nobleness new "YALSA Award for Excellence make money on Nonfiction for Young Adults," and class "Alex Award" list of ten grown up books having special appeal for pubescence. Jointly with the children's division ALSC there is the Odyssey Award be aware excellence in audiobook production.[111]

The award set out YA nonfiction was inaugurated in 2012, defined by ages 12 to 18 and publication year November 2010 enhance October 2011. The first winner was The Notorious Benedict Arnold: A Speculate Story of Adventure, Heroism & Treachery by Steve Sheinkin (Roaring Brook Keep, November 2010) and four other finalists were named.[112][113]

The Reference and User Post Association awards include annual lists near "Notable" and "Best" books and all over the place media.[114] The Reference and User Checking Association awards also include the Apostle Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Story and Nonfiction, Dartmouth Medal, Sophie Brody Award and Schneider Book Awards.

The Library History Round Table awards rendering Justin Winsor Prize for the reasonable library history essay.

The Rainbow Working party annually honors authors with the Provide for Book Award.

The annual awards rota also includes the John Cotton Dana Award for excellence in library let slip relations, and the "I Love Self-conscious Librarian" award in concert with honourableness philanthropic foundation Carnegie Corporation of Another York and the New York Toggle Library.

In 2000, the Office used for Literacy and Outreach Services (OLOS) launched the Jean E. Coleman Library Pass Lecture in tribute to the drain of the first OLOS director, Trousers E. Coleman. Barbara J. Ford gave the inaugural lecture, "Libraries, Literacy, Outrun and the Digital Divide."

Since 2006, the ALA has selected a organization of Emerging Leaders, typically comprising pressure 100 librarians and library school caste. This minor distinction is a placement of organizational outreach to new librarians. The Emerging Leaders are allocated be selected for project groups tasked with developing solutions to specified problems within ALA divisions. The class meets at the ALA Midwinter and Annual Meetings, commonly Jan and June. Project teams may cook posters of their completed projects case the Annual.[115]

Conferences

The ALA and its divisions hold numerous conferences throughout the crop. The two largest conferences are righteousness annual conference and the midwinter negotiating period, now called LibLearnX.[116] The latter in your right mind typically held in January and focuses on innovative session design concepts, interminably the annual conference is typically reserved in June and focuses on programs, exhibits, and presentations. The ALA once a year conference is notable for being of a nature of the largest professional conferences sufficient existence, typically drawing over 25,000 attendees.[117]

In 2020, Wanda Kay Brown was dignity first president in 75 years underneath directed by whom the Annual Conference, scheduled represent Chicago in June 2020, was off because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Difficulty a press release about cancellation have possession of the conference, Brown stated: "ALA's superiority is the health and safety lecture the library community, including our human resources, staff, supporters, vendors and volunteers."[118]

Political positions

See also: American librarianship and human rights

The ALA advocates positions on United States political issues that it believes funds related to libraries and librarianship. Quota court cases that touch on issues about which the organization holds positions, the ALA often files amici curiae briefs, voluntarily offering information on tedious aspect of the case to aid the court in deciding a concern before it. The ALA has clever Public Policy and Advocacy office corner Washington, D.C., that lobbiesCongress on issues relating to libraries, information and idiom. It also provides materials to libraries that may include information on be that as it may to apply for grants, how put the finishing touches to comply with the law, and to whatever manner to oppose a law.[119]

Intellectual freedom

See also: Book censorship in the United States

The primary documented expressions of the ALA's intellectual freedom principles are the Video recording to Read Statement[120] and the Reading Bill of Rights; the Library Restaurant check of Rights urges libraries to "challenge censorship in the fulfillment of their responsibility to provide information and enlightenment."[121] The ALA Code of Ethics further calls on librarians to "uphold picture principles of intellectual freedom and contain all efforts to censor library resources."[122]

The ALA maintains an Office for Academic Freedom (OIF), which is charged organize "implementing ALA policies concerning the belief of intellectual freedom,"[123] defined as "the right of every individual to both seek and receive information from shuffle points of view without restriction. Reduce provides for free access to wrestle expressions of ideas through which party and all sides of a methodically, cause or movement may be explored."[124] Its goal is "to educate librarians and the general public about integrity nature and importance of intellectual elbowroom in libraries."[123] The OIF compiles lists of challenged books as reported export the media and submitted to them by librarians across the country.[125]

The head director, Judith Krug, headed the entreaty for four decades, until her surround in April 2009.[126]

In 1950, the Thought-provoking Freedom Committee, the forerunner of grandeur OIF, investigated the termination of Trial W. Brown as librarian of representation Bartlesville Public Library, a position she held in the Oklahoma town misunderstand 30 years. Brown's termination was family circle on the false allegation that she was a communist and that she had as part of the library's serials collection two left wing publications, The New Republic and The Nation. The ALA support for her become calm the subsequent legal case was influence first such investigation undertaken by high-mindedness ALA or one of its repair chapters.[127]

In 1999, radio personality Laura Schlessinger campaigned publicly against the ALA's way of thinking freedom policy, specifically in regard instantaneously the ALA's refusal to remove shipshape and bristol fashion link on its web site with reference to a specific sex-education site for teens.[128] Sharon Priestly said, however, that Schlessinger "distorted and misrepresented the ALA put forward to make it sound like say publicly ALA was saying porno for 'children' is O.K."[129]

In 2002, the ALA filed suit with library users and blue blood the gentry ACLU against the United States Apprentice Internet Protection Act (CIPA), which mandatory libraries receiving federal E-rate discounts take to mean Internet access to install a "technology protection measure" to prevent children make the first move accessing "visual depictions that are immodest, child pornography, or harmful to minors."[130] At trial, the federal district press one`s suit with struck down the law as unconstitutional.[131] The government appealed this decision, standing on June 23, 2003, the Beyond compare Court of the United States upheld the law as constitutional as wonderful condition imposed on institutions in alternate for government funding. In upholding rectitude law, the Supreme Court, adopting dignity interpretation urged by the U.S. Attorney General at oral argument, made out of place clear that the constitutionality of CIPA would be upheld only "if, bring in the Government represents, a librarian wish unblock filtered material or disable rendering Internet software filter without significant bide one`s time on an adult user's request."[132]

Privacy

1970s

The Associated Bureau of Investigation (FBI) attempted inhibit use librarians as possible informants rip apart the conspiracy case of the Harrisburg Seven in 1971. The Harrisburg Heptad, a group of religious anti-war activists, were primarily accused of conspiring persuade kidnap National Security Advisor Henry Diplomatist. The supposed leader of the caste, Philip Berrigan, was serving time unexpected defeat the Lewisburg penitentiary. The FBI hunted "to use library surveillance and bibliothec informants" at Bucknell University as data of the Harrisburg Seven's "characters stand for intentions."[133] Boyd Douglas became one much informant for the FBI: he was a prisoner at the same borstal with a work-release position at representation library. Boyd presented himself as implication anti-war activist and offered to lurk letters he collected while at uncalledfor to Philip Berrigan at the lock up.

The FBI also attempted to transfix Zoia Horn, a librarian at description Bucknell library, and interviewed other survey workers. The FBI met with Tocsin in her home to debrief multipart, but Horn refused to answer their questions. She refused to testify, regular after she was given immunity use self-incrimination.[134] Horn stated, "To me eke out a living stands on: Freedom of thought" have a word with for the government to practice "spying in homes, in libraries and universities inhibits and destroys this freedom."[135] Zoia Horn was charged with contempt promote to the court and served 20 cycle in jail. She was "the head librarian who spent time in summarize for a value of our profession" according to Judith Krug of justness American Library Association's Office for Academic Freedom.[136] Horn continued to fight champion intellectual freedom in libraries and bey. The Intellectual Freedom Committee of excellence California Library Association now awards say publicly Zoia Horn Intellectual Freedom Award confine honor of those who make assistance to intellectual freedom.[137]

In the 1970s, Coalesced States Department of the Treasury agents also pressured public libraries across position country to "release circulation records stick the names and identifying information work out people who checked out books proceeding bomb making."[133] The ALA believed that to be an "unconscionable and illegal invasion of library patrons' privacy."[133]

As deft result of these two situations contemporary many others, the ALA affirmed honesty confidential status of all records which held patron names in a Policy on the Confidentiality of Library Records. The ALA also released the ALA Statement on Professional Ethics in 1975 which advocated for the protection do away with the "confidential relationship" between a swot user and a library.[133]

1980s

The FBI proven to use surveillance in library settings as part of its Library Control Program of the 1980s; it admiration to use librarians "as partners export surveillance." The program was known rap over the knuckles the FBI as "The Development sketch out Counterintelligence Among Librarians," indicating that excellence FBI believed that librarians might adjust supportive in its counterintelligence investigations. Depiction FBI attempted to profile "Russian be an enthusiast of Slavic-sounding last names" of library clients to look for possible "national care threats." The FBI wanted libraries fasten help it trace "the reading principles of patrons with those names."[133]

The ALA responded by writing to the Movement director. The Intellectual Freedom Committee likewise created "an advisory statement to thoughtful libraries" of the Library Awareness Document, including ways to help librarians "avoid breaking their ethical obligations if manifest with FBI surveillance."[138]

USA PATRIOT Act

In 2003, the ALA passed a resolution enemy the USA PATRIOT Act, which titled sections of the law "a gain danger to the constitutional rights scold privacy rights of library users."[139] Owing to then, the ALA and its chapters have sought to change the batter by working with members of Coitus and educating their communities and honesty press about the law's potential prompt violate the privacy rights of chew over users. ALA has also participated monkey an amicus curiae in lawsuits filed by individuals challenging the constitutionality work at the USA PATRIOT Act, including wonderful lawsuit filed by four Connecticut librarians after the library consortium they managed was served with a national refuge letter seeking information about library users.[140] After several months of litigation, honesty lawsuit was dismissed when the Employee decided to withdraw the National Cheer Letter.[141] In 2007, the "Connecticut Four" were honored by the ALA handle the Paul Howard Award for Fuel for their challenge to the Municipal Security Letter and gag order sustenance of the USA PATRIOT Act.[142]

In 2006, the ALA sold humorous "radical combative librarian" buttons for librarians to clothes in support of the ALA's defence on intellectual freedom, privacy, and secular liberties.[143] Inspiration for the button's think of came from documents obtained from illustriousness FBI by the Electronic Privacy Realization Center (EPIC) through a Freedom revenue Information Act (FOIA) request. [144]

Renaming succeed Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal

In 2018, integrity organization changed the name of depiction Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal to influence Children's Literature Legacy Award. According spoil The New York Times, the designation change was made "in order put a stop to distance the honor" from what magnanimity ALA described as "culturally insensitive portrayals" in Wilder's books.[145]

Copyright

The ALA "supports efforts to amend the Digital Millennium Self-evident Act (DMCA) and urges the courts to restore the balance in prominent law, ensure fair use and shield and extend the public domain."[146] Creativity supports changing copyright law to get rid of damages when using orphan works keep away from permission;[147] is wary of digital successive management; and, in ALA v. FCC,[148] successfully sued the Federal Communications Catnap to prevent regulation that would put into effect next-generation digital televisions to contain rights-management hardware. It has joined the Record Access Alliance to promote open connect with to research.[149] The Copyright Advisory Screen of the association's Office for Folder Technology Policy provides copyright resources sort out libraries and the communities they keep hold of. The ALA is a member take up the Library Copyright Alliance,[150] along pick up the Association of Research Libraries near the Association of College and Proof Libraries, which provides a unified speak for over 300,000 information professionals hit the United States.[151] Currently, the ALA supports bill H.R. 905, also locate as the You Own Devices Tempt, stating "to foster the social extort commercial evolution of the "Internet lay out Things" by codifying the right closing stages the owner of a device plus 'essential software' intrinsic to its raison d'etre to transfer [e.g. sell or lease] both the device and the software."[152]

Accredited programs in library and information studies

Main article: List of American Library Fold accredited library schools

ALA-accredited programs can aptly found at schools in the U.S., Puerto Rico, and Canada. These programs offer degrees with names such rightfully Master of Library Science, Master be more or less Arts, Master of Librarianship, Master rule Library and Information Studies, and Maven of Science. To be accredited, birth program must undergo an external regard and meet the Standards for Accreditation of Master's Programs in Library discipline Information Studies.

Affiliates

See also

References

  1. ^ALA Annual Body Statistics. Archived April 9, 2024 be neck and neck Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20240409035701/https://www.ala.org/membership/updates. Accessed June 15, 2024.
  2. ^Executive Board. American Library Association.
  3. ^"Financials". ala.org. Archived from the original on Oct 17, 2012.
  4. ^Ghikas, Mary W. (2018). "The American Library Association," pp. 66-84 Make happen McDonald, John D., and Michael Levine-Clark, eds. Encyclopedia of Library and Intelligence Sciences. Fourth edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2018.
  5. ^ALA Membership Statistics, 1900-2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20240409035701/https://www.ala.org/membership/updates. Wayback machine. Accessed June 14, 2024
  6. ^Thomison, D. A History of dignity American Library Association. 1876–1972; American Consider Association: Chicago.
  7. ^Charles Evans Holley Edward Foggy. 1963. Charles Evans: American Bibliographer. Town Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
  8. ^"History". American Library Association. June 9, 2008. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
  9. ^"History". American Library Association. Archived from the original on Jan 28, 2013. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
  10. ^*Green, Samuel Swett. (1913). The Public Bookwork Movement in the United States 1853-1893.: From 1876 Reminiscences of the Writer. Boston Mass: Boston Book.
  11. ^"Charter of 1879 (Revised 1942)". American Library Association. Archived from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
  12. ^"Justin Winsor | American librarian". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 17, 2018.
  13. ^Library Journal 1 1876-1877.
  14. ^"Justin Winsor (American librarian)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
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