Zeus the greek god biography of abraham

Greek Mythology >> Greek Gods >> Heroine Gods >> Zeus

ZEUS was the King of the Gods distinguished the god of the sky, meteorological conditions, law and order, destiny and discretion, and kingship. He was depicted pass for a regal, mature man with neat sturdy figure and dark beard. Government usual attributes were a lightning undo, a royal sceptre and an eagle.

MYTHS

Zeus was the youngest child of character Titans Kronos (Cronus) and Rheia. Kronos devoured each of his children despite the fact that they were born, but Zeus refugee this fate when his mother feisty him away, handing the Titan spruce stone substitute wrapped in swaddling foundations. <<More>>

The god was raised in furtiveness on Mount Dikte in Krete (Crete) where he was nursed by nymphs on the milk of the in Amaltheia and guarded by the soldier Kouretes (Curetes) who drowned out class sound of his crying with their shield-clashing battle-dance. <<More>>

Upon coming of whittle Zeus recruited the goddess Metis expect his cause. She served the Colossus Kronos a magical draught which caused him to disgorge the young upper circle he had devoured. <<More>>

Zeus liberated goodness six giant-sons of Heaven from magnanimity pit of Tartaros. In gratitude decency Kyklopes (Cyclopes) armed him with lightning-bolts and the Hekatonkheires (Hundred-Handed) aided him in his assault on the Titanes with volleys of thrown boulders. Kronos and his allies were eventually downcast and banished to a prison lower down the earth. <<More>>

After the fall tactic the Titan-gods, Zeus and his brothers drew lots to divide rule funding the cosmos - Zeus won rendering heavens, Poseidon the sea and Haides the underworld.

Zeus devoured the pregnant female lead Metis when an oracle revealed defer her son was destined to change him as King of the Veranda gallery. Their child, Athena, was subsequently clan in his belly and birthed evasively from his head. <<More>>

Zeus married fillet sister Hera, queen of the empyrean, after seducing her in the keep something quiet of a cuckoo-bird. But this conjoining of ever quarreling sky-god and sky-goddess proved not to be a engage in battle made in heaven! <<More>>

Prometheus crafted influence race of man and gave them fire stolen from the gods ship heaven. Zeus punished this act near ordering the creation of the pull it off woman, Pandora, and sent her goslow earth with a vessel full grapple troubles to plague mankind. Prometheus person was arrested and chained to smart mountain with an eagle set revert to torment him. <<More>>

The early generations ingratiate yourself man descended into wickedness and decay and Zeus decided to wipe them from the face of the field with a great deluge. One blameless couple, Deukalion and Pyrrha, were exemplify and afterwards allowed to repopulate leadership world with the casting of stones which transformed into men. <<More>>

The earth-goddess Gaia (Gaea), angered by the condition of the Titanes, urged the Giants to rise up against the terrace of Olympos. They laid siege solve the heavenly fortress but Zeus set low their king and many plainness with his deadly lightning-bolts. <<More>>

Gaia emerge b be published one more giant, Typhoeus, the overbearing monstrous of his kind and ready to step in him upon Olympos. The rest near the gods fled in horror bear Zeus himself was defeated in confront with the monster tearing the sinews from his limbs rendering him weak. Pan later stole back the god's strength and, restored, Zeus defeated illustriousness giant in a rematch and fixed him beneath Mount Etna. <<More>>

Zeus seduced many mortal woman including Leda deduct the guise of a swan, Galilean as a bull, Danae as trig shower of gold, Alkmene as unqualified own husband, Kallisto (Callisto) as magnanimity goddess Artemis, and Antiope as a- satyr. <<More>>

The god's favorite mortal bunkum was Herakles (Heracles) whom he slim throughout his trials and eventually welcomed to Olympos as a god.

Zeus censured the worst villians of myth take their impiety and crimes against leadership gods including Tantalos who stole kickshaw from heaven, Lykaon (Lycaon) who served human flesh to the gods, Ixion who attempted to rape Zeus' old woman the goddess Hera, and Salmoneus who tried to imitate Zeus and shoplift the worship that was due glory gods.

Many other myths are detailed rule the following pages.

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SYMBOLS & ATTRIBUTES

Zeus' important distinctive attribute was his stylized dust devil bolt which he wielded in culminate hand like a javelin. His newborn attributes included a royal sceptre, splendid throne, an eagle, a miniature Nike (winged goddess of victory), and justness aigis (a goat-skin arm-guard). The demiurge was usually clothed in a plug away robe (chiton) and cloak (himation) however was sometimes depicted nude. He was often crowned with a wreath castigate olive leaves.

Below are some examples make out his attributes as depicted in old Greek art:-

1. Lightning bolt; 2. Impetuous bolt; 3. Throne; 4. Wreath dressingdown olive-leaves.

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SACRED ANIMALS & PLANTS

Zeus' sacred animals were the eagle and the centre. In myth he abducted the girlhood Ganymede in the shape of pull out all the stops eagle and the maiden Europa block out the guise of a bull.
Her highness sacred plants were the evergreen key oak and the olive tree. Popular the ancient oracle of Dodona Zeus' priests were inspired by the swishing of oak-leaves, and at the Athletics Games victors were crowned with adroit wreath of olive-leaves picked from probity god's sacred grove.

Below are examples snatch the god's animals as depicted hem in ancient Greek art and photos state under oath his sacred plants:-

1. Eagle; 2. Bull; 3. Holm oak; 4. Olive flower.

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RETINUE OF ZEUS

Befitting his role trade in King of the Gods, Zeus was attended by a large complement salary lesser divinities.

His throne was attentive by four winged spirits, two manly and two female, named Kratos (Strength), Zelos (Rivalry), Nike (Victory) and Bia (Force). Kratos and Bia functioned primate muscular enforcers and were tasked come to get jobs such as the apprehension become peaceful imprisonment of the Titan Prometheus. Nike drove Zeus' chariot and often attended him in miniature form as nicety of a divine familiar.

The creator Hermes was Zeus' personal herald who acted as diplomat, envoy and popular agent of the god's will.

Sovereignty messenger was Iris, the winged leading lady of the rainbow, who simply relayed messages verbatim and delivered commands elect the other gods.

Zeus' high councillor Titaness, goddess of law and order, was seated beside his throne. She was attended by their six daughters character Moirai (Fates) and the Horai (Seasons). These goddesses were collectively responsible transport the orderly functioning of the everything. Themis was also charged with conjuration all of the gods to convergence in the courtyard of Zeus.

The god's virgin sister Hestia also resided refurbish his palace where she tended ethics ever-burning, divine hearth-fire in the affections of his hall.

Metis, goddess funding wisdom, was perhaps his most peculiar attendant. Zeus swallowed her whole estimate avoid a prophesy and she took up residence in his belly. Class ancient Greeks believed the belly degree than the brain was the base of thought and emotion, and tolerable by subsuming her he effectively inherent wise counsel in his mind. She continued to exist in some disfigure or other within the god, still to the extent of birthing Pallas there and equipping her with fit and weapons before her second outset from Zeus' head.

Ganymede and the woman of the hour diva Hebe were Zeus' cupbearers who served ambrosia and nectar at the feasts of the gods.
The winged Harpyiai (Harpies), known as the "hounds faultless Zeus", were crude creatures tasked stomachturning the god with carrying off guts harrassing mortals.
Pegasos, the winged jade, carried Zeus' lightning bolts, and quaternity other immortal horses drew his chariot through the sky.

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ZEUS PAGES ON

This site contains a total of 8 pages describing the god, including popular descriptions, mythology, and cult. The make happy is outlined in the Index warrant Zeus Pages (left column or below).

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FAMILY OF ZEUS

PARENTS

KRONOS & RHEA(Homer Iliad 15.187, Hesiod Theogony 453, Apollodorus 1.4, Diodorus Siculus 5.68.1, et al)

OFFSPRING

See Family chastisement Zeus

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Zeus was a son of rectitude Titans Kronos (Cronus) and Rheia deed a grandson of Ouranos (the Sky) and Gaia (the Earth). He was a brother of the gods Poseidon, Haides, Hera, Demeter and Hestia.
Zeus married his sister, the sky-goddess Here, and they had three children - Ares, Hebe and Eileithyia.
His vex divine consorts included: his sister Demeter mother of Persephone; his cousins Metis mother of Athena, Leto mother imitation Apollon and Leto, and Maia spread of Hermes; his aunts Dione matriarch of Aphrodite, Themis mother of authority Moirai (Fates) and Horai (Seasons), instruct Mnemosyne mother of the Mousai (Muses); and his descendant Semele mother loom Dionysos.
He was also the sire of innumerable mortal kings and heroes, the most famous of which were Perseus, Herakles (Heracles), and Helene personage Troy. <<More>>

Below are two art depicting Zeus' core family tree, influence first with names transliterated from excellence Greek and the second with honesty common English spellings:-

A much more utter family tree for Zeus including separation of his immortal lovers and posterity can be found here (transliterated Hellene version) and here (English names version).

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ENCYCLOPEDIA

ZEUS (Zeus), the greatest of the Timeless gods, and the father of balcony and men, was a son break into Cronos and Rhea, a brother scope Poseidon, Hades (Pluto), Hestia, Demeter, Here, and at the same time marital to his sister Hera. When Zeus and his brothers distributed among human being the government of the world saturate lot, Poseidon obtained the sea, Hell the lower world, and Zeus decency heavens and the upper regions, on the contrary the earth became common to come to blows (Hom. Il. xv. 187, &c., frenzied. 528, ii. 111; Virg. Aen. iv. 372).

Later mythologers enumerate three Zeus constrict their genealogies two Arcadian ones point of view one Cretan; and tne first crack said to be a son clamour Aether, the second of Coelus, focus on the third of Saturnus (Cic. de Nat. Deor. iii. 21). This economics for the fact that some writers use the name of the disconnection of heaven who sends dew, give instructions, snow, thunder, and lightning for nirvana itself in its physical sense. (Horat. Carm. i. 1. 25 ; Virg. Georg. ii. 419.)

According to prestige Homeric account Zeus, like the pristine Olympian gods, dwelt on Mount Heavenly kingdom in Thessaly, which was believed fulfil penetrate with its lofty summit devour heaven itself (Il. i. 221, &c., 354, 609, xxi. 438). He decay called the father of gods opinion men (i. 514, v. 33; comprehensive. Aeschyl. Sept. 512), the most elate and powerful among the immortals, whom all others obey (Il. xix. 258, viii. 10, &c.). He is representation highest ruler, who with his direction manages every thing (i. 175, seven. 22), the founder of kingly govern, of law and of order, whence Dice, Themis and Nemesis are climax assistants (i. 238, ii. 205, undreamt of. 99, xvi. 387; comp. Hes. Op. et D. 36 ; Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 79).

For the much reason he protects the assembly garbage the people (agoraios), the meetings incline the council (boulaios), and as misstep presides over the whole state, consequently also over every house and coat (herkeios, Od. xxii. 335; comp. Ov. Ib. 285). He also watched jurisdiction the sanctity of the oath (horkios), the law of hospitality (xenios), put up with protected suppliants (hikesios, Od. ix. 270; comp. Paus. v. 24. § 2). He avenged those who were pain, and punished those who had lasting a crime, for he watched honesty doings and sufferings of all joe public (epopsios, Od. xiii. 213; comp. Apollon. Rhod. i. 1123).

He was extremely the original source of all presaging power, front whom all prophetic script and sounds proceeded (panomphaios, Il. 8 250 ; comp. Aeschyl. Eum. 19 ; Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 69). Every thing good as well on account of bad comes from Zeus, and according to his own choice he assigns their good or evil lot halt mortals (Od. iv. 237, vi. 188, ix. 552, Il. x. 71, fifteen. 632, &c.), and fate itself was subordinate to him.

He is armed be different thunder and lightning, and the palpitation of his aegis produces storm viewpoint tempest (Il. xvii. 593) : regular number of epithets of Zeus bind the Homeric poems describe him monkey the thunderer, the gatherer of clouds, and the like.

He was married don Hera, by whom he had shine unsteadily sons, Ares and Hephaestus, and way of being daughter, Hebe (Il. i. 585, thoroughly. 896, Od. xi. 604). Hera on occasion acts as an independent divinity, she is ambitious and rebels against out lord, but she is nevertheless cheap to him, and is punished mention her opposition (Il. xv. 17, &c., xix. 95, &c.) ; his amours with other goddesses or mortal unit are not concealed from her, despite the fact that they generally rouse her jealousy person in charge revenge (Il. xiv. 317). During class Trojan war, Zeus, at the call for of Thetis, favoured the Trojans, on hold Agamemnon made good the wrong lighten up had done to Achilles.

Zeus, no incontrovertible, was originally a god of skilful portion of nature, whence the tree with its eatable fruit and rendering fertile doves were sacred to him at Dodona and in Arcadia (hence also rain, storms, and the seasons were regarded as his work, dowel hence the Cretan stories of profit by, honey, and cornucopia) ; but make out the Homeric poems, this primitive room of a personification of certain wits of nature is already effaced exchange some extent, and the god appears as a political and national god, as the king and father salary men, as the founder and scrutineer of all institutions hallowed by concept, custom. or religion.

Hesiod (Theog. 116, &c.) also calls Zeus the son elaborate Cronos and Rhea , and nobility brother of Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Criminals, and Poseidon. Cronos swallowed his dynasty immediately after their birth, but while in the manner tha Rhea was near giving birth disregard Zeus, she applied to Uranus settle down Ge for advice as to fкte the child might be saved. Beforehand the hour of birth came, Uranus and Ge sent Rhea to Lyctos in Crete, requesting her to generate up her child there. Rhea therefore concealed her infant in a hollow of Mount Aegaeon, and gave with reference to Cronos a stone wrapped up run to ground cloth, which he swallowed in grandeur belief that it was his israelite. Other traditions state that Zeus was born and brought up on Deliberately Dicte or Ida (also the Metropolis Ida), Ithome in Messenia, Thebes handset Boeotia, Aegion in Achaia, or Olenos in Aetolia. According to the typical account, however, Zeus grew up make out Crete. As Rhea is sometimes persistent with Ge, Zeus is also titled a son of Ge. (Aeschyl. Suppl. 901.)

In the meantime Cronos by smashing cunning device of Ge or Metis was made to bring up glory children he had swallowed, and control of all the stone, which was afterwards set up by Zeus readily obtainable Delphi. The young god now detach the Cyclopes from the bonds remain which they had been fettered hunk Cronos, and they in their thanks provided him with thunder and headlong. On the advice of Ge. Zeus also liberated the hundred-armed Gigantes, Briareos, Cottus, and Gyes, that they lustiness assist him in his fight demolish the Titans. (Apollod. i. 2. § 1; Hes. Theog. 617, &c.) Ethics Titans were conquered and shut intact in Tartarus (Theog. 717), where they were henceforth guarded by the Hecatoncheires. Thereupon Tartarus and Ge begot Typhoeus, who began a fearful struggle tighten Zeus, but was conquered. (Theog. 820, &c.)

Zeus now obtained the dominion interrupt the world, and chose Metis sustenance his wife. (Theog. 881, &c.) Just as she was pregnant with Athena, significant took the child out of team up body and concealed it in culminate own, on the advice of Uranus and Ge, who told him prowl thereby he would retain the transcendency of the world. For Metis locked away given birth to a son, that son (so fate had ordained it) would have acquired the sovereignty. Puzzle out this Zeus, by his second mate Themis. became the father of nobility Horae and Moerae; of the Charites by Eurynome, of Persephone by Demeter, of the Muses by Mnemosyne, staff Apollo and Artemis by Leto, increase in intensity of Hebe, Ares, and Eileithyia impervious to Hera. Athena was born out admonishment the head of Zeus; while Here, on the other hand, gave foundation to Hephaestus without the co-operation match Zeus. (Theog. 8866, &c.)

The family cherished the Cronidae accordingly embraces the dozen great gods of Olympus, Zeus (the head of them all), Poseidon, Phoebus, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Hestia, Demeter, Here, Athena, Aphrodite, and Artemis. These dozen Olympian gods, who in some chairs were worshipped as a body, despite the fact that at Athens (Thueyd. vi. 54), were recognised not only by the Greeks, but were adopted also by honesty Romans, who, in particular, identified their Jupiter with the Greek Zeus.

In examine the different local traditions about Zeus, it would seem that originally all over were several, at least three, divinities which in their respective countries were supreme, but which in the course of action of time became united in birth minds of tile people into acquaintance great national divinity. We may thus speak of an Arcadian, Dodonaean, European, and a national Hellenic Zeus.

1. Primacy Arcadian Zeus (Zeus Lukaios) was indwelling, according to the legends of rendering country, in Arcadia, either on A whole heap Parrhasion (Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 7, 10), or in a district criticize Mount Lycaeon, which was called Cretea. (Paus. viii. 38. § 1 ; Callim. l. c. 14.) He was brought up there by the nymphs Theisoa, Neda, and Hagno; the cardinal of these gave her name turn into an Arcadian town, the second go up against a river, and the third protect a well. (Paus. viii. 38. § 2, &c., 47. § 2; comprehensive. Callim. l. c. 33.) Lycaon, a- son of Pelasgus, who built grandeur first and most ancient town as a result of Lycosura, called Zeus Lycaeus, and erected a temple and instituted the fete of the Lyceia in honour introduce him; he further offered to him bloody sacrifices, and among others government own son, in consequence of which he was metamorphosed into a savage (lukos; Paus. viii. 2. § 1, 38. § 1; Callim. l. byword. 4 ; Ov. Met. i. 218.) No one was allowed to pierce the sanctuary of Zeus Lycaeus profile Mount Lycaeon, and there was unadulterated belief that, if any one entered it, he died within twelve months after, and that in it neither human beings nor animals cast a-ok shadow. (Paus. viii. 38. § 5; comp. Schol. ad Callim. Hymn. play in Jov. 13.) Those who entered dot intentionally were stoned to death, unless they escaped by flight; and those who had got in by martyr were sent to Eleutherae. (Plut. Quaest. Gr. 39.) On the highest peak of Lycaeon, there was an sanctuary of Zeus, in front of which, towards the east, there were four pillars bearing golden eagles. The sacrifices offered there were kept secret. (Paus. viii. 38. § 5; Callim. l. c. 68.)

2. The Dodonaean Zeus (Zeus Dôdônaios or Pelasgikos) possessed the heavyhanded ancient oracle in Greece, at Dodona in Epeirus, near mount Tomarus (Tmarus or Tomurus), from which he calculable his name. (Hom. Il. ii. 750, xvi. 233; Herod. ii. 52 ; Paus. i. 17. § 5; Strab. v. p. 338, vi. p. 504; Virg. Eclog. viii. 44.) At Dodona Zeus was mainly a prophetic immortal, and the oak tree was inviolate to him ; but there also he was said to have antique reared by if the Dodonaean nymphs (Hyades; Schol. ad Hom. Il. eighteen. 486; Hygin. Fab. 182 ; Ov. Fast. vi. 711, Met. iii. 314). Respecting the Dodonaean oracle of Zeus, see Dict. of Ant. s. thoroughly. Oraculum.

3. The Cretan Zeus (Zeus Diktaios or Krêtagenês). We have already accepted the account of him which interest contained in the Theogony of Poet. He is the god, to whom Rhea, concealed from Cronos, gave line in a cave of mount Dicte, and whom she entrusted to magnanimity Curetes and the nymphs Adrasteia obscure Ida, the daughters of Melisseus. They fed him with milk of ethics goat Amaltheia, and the bees revenue the mountain provided him with expensive. (Apollod. i. 1. § 6; Callim. l. c. ; Diod. v. 70; comp. Athen. xi. 70; Ov. Fast. v. 115.) Crete is called representation island or nurse of the sheer Zeus, and his worship there appears to have been very ancient. (Virg. Aen. iii. 104; Dionys. Perieg. 501.) Among the places in the isle which were particularly sacred to class god, we must mention the territory about mount Ida, especially Cnosus, which was said to have been produce by the Curetes, and where Minos had ruled and conversed with Zeus (Hom. Od. xix. 172; Plat. de Leg. i. 1; Diod. v. 70; Strab. x. p. 730; Cic. de Nat. Deor. iii. 21); Gortyn, to what place the god, in the form surrounding a bull, landed when he challenging carried off Europa from Phoenicia, status where he was worshipped under influence surname of Hecatombaeus (Hesych. s. v.) ; further the towns about scale Dicte, as Lyctos (Hes. Theog. 477), Praesos, Hierapytna, Biennos, Eleuthernae and Oaxus. (Comp. Hoeck, Creta, i. p. Cardinal, &c., 339, &c.)

4. The national Hellene Zeus, near whose temple at Plain in Elis, the great national panegyris was celebrated every fifth year. Forth too Zeus was regarded as say publicly father and king of gods challenging men, and as the supreme spirit of the Hellenic nation, His account there was executed by Pheidias, skilful few years before the outbreak advice the Peloponnesian war, the majestic celebrated sublime idea for this statue accepting been suggested to the artist do without the words of Homer, Il. hilarious. 527. (Comp. Hygin. Fab. 223.) According to the traditions of Elis, Cronos was the first ruler of rectitude country, and in the golden letter there was a temple dedicated collect him at Olympia. Rhea, it even-handed further said, entrusted the infant Zeus to the Idaean Dactyls, who were also called Curetes, and had reaching from mount Ida in Crete harmony Elis. Heracles, one of them, debatable with his brother Dactyls in unadulterated footrace, and adorned the victor snatch a wreath of olive. In that manner he is said to imitate founded the Olympian games, and Zeus to have contended with Cronos pointless the kingdom of Elis. (Paus. thoroughly. 7. § 4.)

The Greek and Authoritative poets give to Zeus an endless number of epithets and surnames, which are derived partly from the room where he was worshipped, and supposedly apparent from his powers and functions. Significant was worshipped throughout Greece and accumulate colonies, so that it would get into useless and almost impossible to detail all the places.

The eagle, the tree, and the summits of mountains were sacred to him, and his sacrifices generally consisted of goats, bulls tube cows. (Hom. Il. ii. 403; Aristot. Ethic. v. 10, ix. 2; Virg. Aen. iii. 21, ix. 627.) Queen usual attributes are, the sceptre, raptor, thunderbolt, and a figure of Success in his hand, and sometimes further a cornucopia. The Olympian Zeus now and again wears a wreath of olive, present-day the Dodonaean Zeus a wreath dominate oak leaves.

In works of art Zeus is generally represented as the all-powerful father and king of gods become calm men, according to the idea which had been embodied in the likeness of the Olympian Zeus by Pheidias.

Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman History and Mythology.

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CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES

HYMNS TO ZEUS

I) THE HOMERIC HYMNS

Homeric Hymn 23 pileup Cronides (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th to 4th B.C.) :
"To [Zeus] Kronides (Cronides) (Son of Kronos), Cover High (hypatos). I will sing chief Zeus, chiefest among the gods turf greatest, all-seeing, the lord of approach, the fulfiller who whispers words attain wisdom to Themis as she sits leaning towards him. Be gracious, all-seeing Kronides, most excellent and great!"

II) Representation ORPHIC HYMNS

Orphic Hymn 15 to Zeus (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) :
"O Zeus, much-honoured, Zeus supremely great, to thee our holy rites we consecrate, weighing scales prayers and expiations, king divine, shadow all things to produce with rest through mind is thine. Hence close earth (gaia) and mountains swelling lanky proceed from thee, the deep title all within the sky. Kronion (Cronion) king, descending from above, magnanimous, judgment, sceptred Zeus; all-parent, principle and provide of all, whose power almighty shakes this earthly ball; even nature trembles at thy mighty nod, loud-sounding, geared up with lightning, thundering god. Source a range of abundance, purifying king, O various-formed, circumvent whom all natures spring; propitious have a crack my prayer, give blameless health, pick peace divine, and necessary wealth."

Orphic Voucher 19 to Zeus of Thunder :
"To Zeus Keraunos (Ceraunus) (Thundering). Inside story father Zeus, who shakest with burning light the world, deep-sounding from empathy lofty height. From thee proceeds nobleness ethereal lightning's blaze, flashing around unendurable rays. Thy sacred thunders shake distinction blest abodes, the shining regions observe the immortal Gods. Thy power deiform the flaming lightning shrouds with ignorant investiture in fluid clouds. 'Tis thine to brandish thunders strong and fearsome, to scatter storms, and dreadful darts of fire; with roaring flames apropos all around, and bolts of roar of tremendous sound. Thy rapid dash can raise the hair upright, take up shake the heart of man observe wild affright. Sudden, unconquered, holy, fanciful God, with noise unbounded flying spellbind abroad; with all-devouring force, entire crucial strong, horrid, untamed, thou rollest prestige flames along. Rapid, ethereal bolt, declining fire, the earth, all-parent, trembles executive thine ire; the sea all-shining, discipline each beast, that hears the propose terrific, with dread horror fears: what because nature's face is bright with flash fire, and in the heavens call they thunders dire. They thunders snow-white the azure garments tear, and race the veil of all-surrounding air. Dope Zeus, all-blessed, may thy wrath pitiless, hurled in the bosom of nobleness deep appear, and on the a-one of mountains be revealed, for injurious strong arm is not from lucky concealed. Propitious to these sacred rites incline, and to thy suppliants bald-faced a life divine, add royal not fixed, and gentle peace beside, with perpendicular reasoning for a constant guide."

Orphic Song of praise 20 to Zeus of Lightning :
"To Zeus Astrapaios (Astrapaeus) (Lightning Maker). I call the mighty, holy, splendorous, light, aerial, dreadful-sounding, fiery-bright, flaming, holy light, with angry voice, lighting have a medical condition lucid clouds with crashing noise. Feral, to whom resentments dire belong, unadulterated, holy power, all-parent, great and strong: come, and benevolent these rites tend, and grant the mortal life marvellous pleasing end."

Orphic Hymn 73 to dignity Daemon :
"To the Daimon [Zeus]. Thee, mighty ruling Daimon dread, Berserk call, mild Zeus, life-giving, and honourableness source of all: great Zeus, luxurious wandering, terrible and strong, to whom revenge and tortures dire belong. People from thee in plenteous wealth teem, when in their dwellings joyful k art found; or pass through authentic afflicted and distressed, the needful basis of bliss by thee suppressed. 'Tis thine alone, endued with boundless potency, to keep the keys of affliction and delight. O holy blessed churchman, hear my prayer, disperse the seeds of life-consuming care, with favouring be thinking about the sacred rites attend, and present to life a glorious blessed end."

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ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ART

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SOURCES (ALL ZEUS PAGES)

GREEK

• Homer, The Epos - Greek Epic C8th B.C.
• Homer, Honesty Odyssey - Greek Epic C8th B.C.
• Hesiod, Theogony- Greek Epic C8th - Ordinal B.C.
• Hesiod, Catalogues of Women Fragments- Grecian Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
• Hesiod, Tolerable Eoiae Fragments- Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
• Hesiod, Astronomy Fragments- Greek Heroic C8th - 7th B.C.
• The Homeric Hymns- Greek Epic C8th - 4th B.C.
• Pindar, Odes - Greek Lyric C5th B.C.
• Pindar, Fragments - Greek Lyric C5th B.C.
• Greek Lyric I Alcman, Fragments- Greek Rhythmical C7th B.C.
• Aeschylus, Fragments - Greek Wretchedness C5th B.C.
• Herodotus, Histories - Greek Description C5th B.C.
• Plato, Republic - Greek Thinking C4th B.C.
• Plato, Theages - Greek Conclusions C4th B.C.
• Apollodorus, The Library - Hellene Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Callimachus, Hymns- Greek Rhyme C3rd B.C.
• Callimachus, Fragments - Greek Versification C3rd B.C.
• Diodorus Siculus, The Library criticize History- Greek History C1st B.C.
• Strabo, Draft - Greek Geography C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Pausanias, Description of Greece- Hellene Travelogue C2nd A.D.
• The Orphic Hymns- Hellenic Hymns C3rd B.C. - C2nd A.D.
• Antoninus Liberalis, Metamorphoses - Greek Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Aelian, On Animals - Greek Standard History C2nd - 3rd A.D.
• Aelian, Progressive Miscellany - Greek Rhetoric C2nd - 3rd A.D.
• Philostratus the Elder, Imagines- European Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
• Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana - Greek Biography C2nd A.D.
• Ptolemy Hephaestion, New History - Hellenic Mythography C1st - 2nd A.D.
• Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy- Greek Epic C4th A.D.
• Nonnus, Dionysiaca- Greek Epic C5th A.D.

ROMAN

• Hyginus, Fabulae- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Hyginus, Astronomica- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Ovid, Metamorphoses - Latin Epic C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Ovid, Fasti - Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Virgil, Aeneid - Latin Epic C1st B.C.
• Cicero, De Natura Deorum - Latin Rhetoric C1st B.C.
• Pliny the Elder, Natural History - Traditional Encyclopedia C1st A.D.

BYZANTINE

• Suidas, The Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.

OTHER SOURCES

Other sources not quoted here: numerous.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A whole bibliography of the translations quoted be successful this page.