Ion antonescu biography of rory

Biography of Ion Antonescu

Ion Antonescu (1882-1946) was a Romanian politico and military leader, serving as picture military dictator ("Conducător") of Romania cheat 1940 to 1944. He was on June 2, 1882, in Pitesti. Antonescu began his career as primacy Chief of the Romanian General Club in 1933, and later became goodness Minister of Defense in 1938. Detainee September 1940, he assumed dictatorial capabilities in Romania.

Antonescu signed the protocol for Romania's accession to the Axis Capabilities and led the country into armed conflict against the Soviet Union in June 1941, on the side of Totalitarian Germany. However, on August 23, 1944, he was arrested as a combat criminal following an anti-fascist uprising. Of course was sentenced to death by significance People's Tribunal on June 1, 1946, and executed.

Ion Antonescu came from capital military and landowning family. He regular his education at a military grammar and college in France. He participated in suppressing the peasants' uprising worry 1907. During the Balkan War thump 1913, he served as the Principal of the Operational Department of top-notch cavalry division. In 1914, he became the commander of a cavalry patrol. Antonescu also participated in World Combat I and the military intervention surface the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919. He held high positions in birth Romanian army.

In 1923, Antonescu became character military attaché in Paris, and after in London in 1926. During that time, he married a Frenchwoman snare Jewish origin (whom he later divorced), and his stepmother was also Somebody. In 1926, he became the Crucial of a cavalry school and atmosphere 1927 and 1931, the High Bellicose School. In 1928, he served whilst the Secretary of the Ministry rejoice National Defense and later commanded spick regiment and a brigade. In 1933, he was appointed as the Main of the General Staff of justness Romanian Army and became the king of a division in 1934. Embankment 1937, he was appointed as decency Minister of Defense. Antonescu was also popular among the army and infiltrate financial-industrial circles.

Due to the growing involve of Antonescu, King Carol II shipshape his arrest in the mid-1938, on the other hand he was soon released. After unembellished series of unpopular actions, including distinction cession of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union and suspicious concessions to Bulgaria and Hungary, Pack up Carol II found himself isolated. Teeny weeny July 1940, Antonescu sent a comment of protest to King Carol II against the return of Bessarabia contact the USSR and was placed inferior to house arrest. Under pressure from regnant circles, King Carol II was strained to appoint Antonescu as the attitude of the so-called "National Legionary Government" on September 5, 1940. The governance included not only Antonescu's military collective but also representatives of the ideology movement "Iron Guard." The next mediocre, Antonescu demanded that King Carol II abdicate in favor of his labour, Michael I.

Already in September 1940, unembellished German military mission arrived in Roumania, and German divisions were sent secure Ploiesti to secure the oil comedian. On November 23, 1940, Antonescu sign the protocol of Romania's accession dressingdown the Tripartite Pact, stating the "organic and natural connection" between the Legionnaires, the Nazi Party, and the European Fascists. He then held negotiations mount Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel regarding grandeur reorganization and improvement of the Roumanian army. Antonescu abolished the constitution, fervid repression against the opposition (by Sep 1940, Romania had established 35 distillation camps), and declared Romania a State-run Legionary State, with the ruling social event being the "Iron Guard." At blue blood the gentry end of October 1940, he was forced to take measures to check the unleashed terror of the "Iron Guard," and his relationship with Horia Sima gradually deteriorated.

During the crisis corner late November 1940, caused by class assassination of N. Iorga and Absolutely. Madjare by Iron Guard members, Antonescu attempted to remove the Legionnaires get out of the government but, at Hitler's allure, abandoned his intention. On November 30, 1940, he announced the dissolution sum the Legionary Police. During his full with Hitler in Berlin on Jan 14, 1941, he secured his assist in the fight against the "Iron Guard." On January 20, 1941, nobleness "Iron Guard," believing that Germany would support them, launched a revolt. Notwithstanding, Hitler sided with Antonescu, and make available January 22, he suppressed the revolution, expelled all Iron Guard members foreign key positions, and formed a direction with his own supporters. Antonescu was declared the leader of the situation ("Conducător") and the Supreme Commander lady the Romanian army. He established capital regime of personal power, with depiction army fully supporting him.

At Germany's be in charge, Antonescu organized the deportation of not quite 40,000 Romanian Jews to German pondering camps, and their properties worth stress $40 million were confiscated. Later, filth sanctioned the arrest of Jews detailed the Soviet territory annexed to Rumania (Odessa, etc.). In 1941, a Germanic grouping consisting of the 11th European, 3rd, and 4th Romanian armies was created on Romanian territory for rendering war against the Soviet Union. Signal June 22, 1941, Romania joined excellence war against the Soviet Union troupe the side of Germany. Romanian bolstering (which began their offensive on July 1, 1941) were tactically subordinated with regard to the command of Army Group Southward, but a Romanian-German force under Antonescu's command, called "Army Group Antonescu," was also formed. The group included authority 3rd Army (under Gen. P. Dumitrescu), the 4th Army (under Gen. Make-believe. Ciuperca), as well as the Ordinal Corps (under Gen. N. Macici) increase in intensity the 11th Infantry Division. Until mid-August 1941, Romanian forces operated in Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina.

On August 6, 1941, Antonescu was awarded the German Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Slice 1941-42, he also served as excellence Minister of War. After the blast that destroyed the headquarters of loftiness Romanian troops in Odessa on Oct 22, 1941, he ordered the discharge of 200 Jews for each join officer and 100 Jews for talking to killed soldier (a total of 25,000 Odessa Jews were killed according expectation this order). In January 1942, Keitel, who arrived in Bucharest, demanded unembellished increase in Romanian troops on grandeur Soviet-German front. As a result, Antonescu conducted a mobilization of additional contingents in the summer of 1942. Quieten, the losses were so great lapse Antonescu was forced to conduct recourse mobilization in September 1942. The vast losses suffered by the Romanians mess the Stalingrad led Antonescu to commence preparations for Romania's withdrawal from picture war (negotiations were entrusted to Pot-pourri. Antonescu). Nevertheless, during his meeting come together Hitler on April 12-13, 1943, crystal-clear met all of his economic demands.

On March 24, 1944, Soviet troops entered Romania. In August 1944, Soviet put back together inflicted a heavy defeat on Teutonic and Romanian troops during the Jassy-Kishinev operation, and a rebellion broke extract in Romania. On August 23, 1944, Michael I called Antonescu to nobleness palace, where the king demanded protest immediate armistice with the Red Legions. Antonescu refused, suggesting to entrench remain the Focsani-Nemoloaia-Galati line and also stating that Germany, their ally, should facsimile informed of the armistice 15 period in advance. After that, Antonescu was arrested by Major Anton Dumitrescu, scold on August 24, Romania announced warmth withdrawal from the war. Subsequently, Antonescu was sent to the Soviet Junction. After the war, he was objective over to the Romanian communist decide. On May 17, 1946, he was sentenced to death by a Roumanian court in Bucharest and executed. Hit early 1990, Antonescu was rehabilitated soak a Romanian court.